11^th International Conference on Cancer & Tumor Immunology November 15-16, 2021 Amsterdam, Netherlands

Tumor Immunology is determining the function and behaviors of innate and adaptive immune cells in health and disease, including the interactions with their microenvironment. Understanding the essential principles underlying immune cell development, activation, regulation, differentiation and death also because the molecular mechanisms underlying diversity and plasticity of the system may be a prerequisite for the planning of targeted manipulation strategies to guard from cancer, autoimmunity and infection and to foster and devise the event of novel therapeutic approaches. To address their research questions the individual groups, develop and use sophisticated experimental model systems and technologies like structural biology, genetic barcoding and high-throughput single cell analysis platforms.

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Covers all areas of immunology including cellular and molecular immunology, immunochemistry, immunogenetics, imaging, mathematical modelling, allergy, transplantation immunology, cancer immunology, clinical immunology and immunological therapies, physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and disease, malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders and therapies (autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, transplant rejection), the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo are of prime interest.

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Prolonged inflammation can damage your body’s healthy cells and tissue, and weaken your immune system, the link between inflammation and cancers, cancers tended to occur at sites of chronic inflammation. Lately, it turned out that acute inflammation contributed to the regression of cancer. Inflammation and innate immunity are important targets in patients with cancer

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People with HIV/AIDS are at high risk for developing certain cancers, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer. For people with HIV, these three cancers are often called "AIDS-defining conditions. Most types of cancer begin when normal cells begin to change and grow uncontrollably, forming a mass called a tumor. A tumor can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous, meaning it can spread to other parts of the body).

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Cancers are not just masses of malignant cells but complex ‘rogue’ organs, to which many other cells are recruited and can be corrupted by the transformed cells. Interactions between malignant and non-transformed cells create the tumor microenvironment. Changes of the tumor micro environment have been closely correlated to cancer-mediated inflammation.

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A cancer vaccine is a vaccine that treats   with existing cancer or prevents development of a cancer. Cancer vaccines are also   known as biological response modifiers. A biological response modifier helps by stimulating or restoring the immune system’s ability to fight infections and disease. The most commonly used side effect of cancer vaccines is inflammation at the site of injection, including redness, pain, swelling, warming of the skin, itchiness, and occasionally a rash. Mainly these vaccines include cell therapy and gene therapy.

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Cancer prognosis gives us information about the percentage of people who survive a certain type of cancer for specific amount of time. Some of the factors that affect prognosis like type of cancer, its location in the body, stage, size of the cancer, cancer’s grade and age of the patients etc… The time of period varies; it may be 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, and etc... Cancer-specific survival is also called as Disease-specific survival. There are different ways to measure and report survival and statistics of cancer. This cancer prognosis that mainly include liver cancer prognosis, metastatic prognosis and brain cancer prognosis.

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Cancer cell biology can be defined as a disease of the genes. This is the small part of DNA and master molecule of the cell. The main two characteristics are uncontrolled growth of the cells in the human body and the ability of these cells to migrate and spread to distant sites. If the spread is not controlled, cancer can result in death. Bone marrow stromal stem cells also called mesenchyme stem cells or skeletal stem cells and these can generate bone, cartilage, and fat cells. The cancer pathology is a medical document that written by a pathologist. A pathologist is a doctor who specializes in interpreting laboratory tests and evaluating cells, tissues, and organs to diagnose disease.

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Cells may acquire mutations in genes that control proliferation, such as tumor suppressor genes. Tumors grow in a series of steps. The first step is hyperplasia, resulting from uncontrolled cell division. These cells appear normal, but some changes occurred that results in loss of control of growth. The second step is dysplasia, resulting from further growth, accompanied by abnormal changes to the cells. The third step requires additional changes, which result in cells that are even more abnormal and can now spread over a wider area of tissue. These cells begin to lose their original function; such cells are called anaplastic. At this stage, the tumor is still contained within its original location (called in situ) and is not invasive, it is not considered malignant - it is potentially malignant. The last step occurs when the cells in the tumor metastasize, which means that they can invade surrounding tissue, including the bloodstream, and spread to other locations. This is the most serious type of tumor, but not all tumors progress to this point. These Tumor Biology that mainly Include Molecular and Cellular oncology and ImmunoOncology.

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Cancer care costs are a financial burden to patients, their families, and society as a whole. In 2006 medical expenses from cancer care in the United States were an estimated $104.1 billion. Cancer can be a major cause of lack of money. This may be due either to the costs of treating and managing the illness as well as its impact upon people's ability to work. This particularly affects countries that lack comprehensive social health insurance systems and other types of social safety nets. The study is a longitudinal short study of 10,000 hospital patients with a first-time diagnosis of cancer. Patients were assigned a socioeconomic status according to the district of residence at diagnosis. Continuity of patients due to cancer living in the most deprived district was compared to survival of patients living in all other districts by model-based period analysis. These major regional socioeconomic inequalities indicate a potential for improving cancer care and survival in Germany. Studies on individual patient data with access to treatment information should be conducted to examine the reasons for these socioeconomic inequalities in cancer survival in more detail.

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The goal of the Cancer Research Program is to make significant improvements in the prevention, early detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Research into the cause of cancer involves many different disciplines including genetics, diet, environmental factors (i.e., chemical carcinogens).  And it will continue to translate basic research findings into clinical applications together with strategic partners, with the National Centre for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and the nationally active German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) playing key roles. The program is also developing new approaches in the fields of cancer genome and epigenome research, metabolic dysfunction, personalized radiation oncology and ion therapy, molecular imaging, neuro-oncology, individualized cancer medicine and health economics.

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Immuno-oncology therapies activate our immune system, making it able to recognize cancer cells and destroy them. Breast cancer is one of the major cancer types for which new immune-based cancer treatments are currently in development. Lung cancer surgery carries risks, including bleeding and infection. Clinical trials are studies of experimental lung cancer treatments. The immune system is the body’s natural defense system. It is a collection of organs, cells and special molecules that helps protect you from infections, cancer and other diseases. Adult central nervous system tumor is a disease in which abnormal cells form in the tissues of the brain and/or spinal cord. A tumor that starts in another part of the body and spreads to the brain is called a metastatic brain tumor. There are different types of brain and spinal cord tumors such as Astrocytic Tumors, Oligodendroglia Tumors, Mixed Gliomas, Ependymal Tumors, Medulloblastomas, Pineal Parenchymal Tumors, Meningeal Tumors, Germ Cell Tumors and Craniopharyngioma. Advances in Immuno-oncology have given oncologists and their patients reason to be encouraged—the launch of immune checkpoint inhibitors and development of other immunotherapy assets for the treatment of several difficult-to-treat diseases, including metastatic melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer, represents great progress.

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The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) autocrine pathway contributes to a number of processes important to cancer development and progression, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Immunotherapy encompasses several different treatment approaches, each of which has a distinct mechanism of action, and all of which are designed to boost or restore immune function in some manner.  This includes: Monoclonal antibodies, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Therapeutic Cancer vaccines, cytokines, and other non-specific immunotherapies. And mainly includes Metabolomics in Novel Biomarker Discovery.

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